Dwayne Barry said:
I've come across it a few times in papers, etc. Thinking about the issue, even if 23% is an accurate number the calculation would have to be a minimum number since those would be the calories required to produce the power contributing to the bike's motion solely but naturally you need to expend calories to maintain balance, posture, etc. that wouldn't be measured by whatever power measuring device you're using.
Actually the "efficient" or desired energy output measured is that in useful work (pedaling the bike). The other inefficient energy expended in all the "overhead" of heart pumping, thinking, sweating, farting, digestion, chemical conversion efficiency, maintaining balance, etc.. are all considered part of the inefficiency relative to useful work. (FWIW, your brain uses 40 Watts in full operation!) If I just sit still at my size, I burn 2800 calories/day or around 120 calories/hour with no useful work output and 0% efficiency. So if a lot of energy is spent thinking or balancing, that
lowers your efficiency for useful work as the way we're calculating it, which is power to the bike divided by total calories used. Hmmm, maybe all that effort wasted
thinking and
balancing is why I'm only 15% power efficient???
It could be the chemical efficiency is 23% on power, and the other body power overhead is reducing useful work efficiency to 15% or so. In any case 1500 calories/hour for the TdF riders is not an unreasonable rate for the serious work they do, say in climbing hills fast, taking the point, sprints, and other high peak power operations that could also be less efficient at the higher output they do.