Older article from bike radar:
(Surprised no one has mentioned bar ends yet. I'm just that old I guess

)
"
Steep climbing:
Steep climbing requires a balance of power, fine-tuned body weight and the ability to put the power to the pedals smoothly and efficiently - in or out of the saddle. Being able to maintain a potentially uncomfortable position is also a key to successfully climbing really tough ascents.
On the edge: Some climbs are too slippery to ride out of the saddle, so you'll need to remain seated. This keeps weight on the rear wheel for traction. You'll feel the front wheel trying to come up off the floor, so you'll need to keep your weight as far forwards as possible on the saddle without engulfing it.
Drop those elbows: You need to really get the top of your body down low for these climbs, so drop your elbows. This allows you to pull on the bars so you can lever your legs against them.
Stamp on the pedals: When sprinting, you can take advantage of clipless pedals and pull up on one pedal as you push down on the other - but don't pull up too hard if it's steep, because you could cause the rear end to break loose.
Tug on the bars: For every down-stroke on the pedal, pull up on the opposite end of the handlebar - this is known as honking and helps you get every ounce of leg power to the pedal. Using bar ends forces you to ride in a slightly different position, allowing your biceps to pull up more on the bars.
Attack the hill: Even when you're riding out of the saddle, you need to keep your body weight fairly even between the two wheels. So you can keep yourself low at the front while still putting the power down to the pedals."
https://www.bikeradar.com/advice/fi...1&type=gallery&gallery=1&embedded_slideshow=1