Yeah, you were right from the start and so did all the others.
Mada... nice suspensions skills!! :thumbsup:
Now... damping is a force opposing to the movement of a body. Damping is always realated to two parameters (this may sound simple, but it gets really complicated to calculate... actually, not even F1 teams calculate dampers and they rely more on practical testing)... that's speed and viscosity of the damping media. Commonly oil, but air can be used as well as water or else.
In a fork or shock, damping is achieved by a piston with orifices in either fixed or variable size that move thru an oil media. The oil can not be compressed (substantially, it's considered incompressible in engineering) and hence, trying to move an object across it will cause a force opposing to the input movement (Newton's 3rd Law). This force depends on the size of the orifices on the damper and these orifices may variate in size depending on the force generated by the pushing oil... and things get more complicated from there on.
Fixed size orifice dampers are SSV, SSVF, Fluid Flow, the Rebound of TST and Motion Control, etc. These are just a pushrod with a piston that has holes in it.
Variable size orifices dampers (called Speed Sensitive dampers) are HSCV, TPC, the Fox dampers, TPC+, TST Compression, RC2X, RC2, Motion Control's compression, Magura's Phaon and Albert Plus dampers. All of these have a piston with fixed size holes, PLUS a device closening or opening the orifices to allow more or less pass of oil... hence variating damping according to speed (force) input. This can be achieved by shims and in a more promitive way, with spring loaded "floodgates" (a very thick shim that is held closed by a spring and opens with the oil input.
Being viscosity equal (in a fork) for all conditions, that leaves damping as a function of speed. This means damping variates with speed. In a fork it means that depending on how the damper is designed, damping can cause to slow down the movement of the fork in several ways.
Damping can be separated into two ranges: low speed and high speed.
Low speed is when the shaft of the damper moves slow (it's not tied to the speed of the bike)... high speed the opposite.
Low speed compression examples are pedaling inputs, brake dive on the fork, and going over small stuff (ripples or whoops)
High Speed compression is when taking a big hit or sucession of big hits.
Low speed rebound is when the suspension rebounds after going over ripples, whoops, curbs, washboards or when exiting turns (have you felt how the bike moves when going out of turns?).
High speed are again, mostly after big hits... mostly landings.
Fixed orifices dampers have to be tuned for a narrow range of speed... that is, they feel good over small or big stuff and they feel like crap on the other. Most common problem with them is "spiking"... which happens when the speed is so high that the oil can't get thru the damper and kind of locks up making the fork feel harsh.
Variable size orifice dampers (speed sensitive) don't have problems with spiking. They're tuned to open more as speed increases... there may be a limit, but not easily reached by mere mortals.
Sorry for the delay... I have a job to attend